Internal-combustion engine.



A. P. TIBSSEN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.9,1018.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

2 SHBBTSSIIBBT 1.

amuentow mkozncig IHL NORRIS PETERS CO. PHDTO-LITNO. WAsHuvnrON. D C

A. P. TIESSBN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION rILnn n.9, 1913.

2 SHEBTB-BHEET 2.

THE NORRIS PETERS C0. PHOTO-LITHO.. WASHING roN. D. c.

AARON 1. TIESSEN, OF MOUNTAIN LAKE, MINNESOTA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

Application filed April 9, 1913. Serial No. 759,898. i

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AARON P. TIESSEN, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Mountain Lake, State of M1nnesota, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in explosive engines and hasparticular application to internal combustion engines of thereciprocating type.

In carrying out the presentinventlon, it is my purpose to provide annternal combustion engine capable of dellvering relatively great poweras compared with englnes of this class heretofore constructed andwherein the fluid employed as a propelling agent will be carbureted insuch manner as to produce a gas which when taken into the enginecylinder and exploded will give up its full quota of energy and expandto its maximumcapacity, thereby avoiding waste of fuel, smoking intheexhaust and other disagreeable and detrimental effects. It is also mypurpose to provide an explosive engine which will embrace the des redfeatures of simplicity, efliciency, durablhty and strength coupled withcheapness of cost in maintenance and installation and which will delivermaximum power with a min mum fuel consumption. Furthermore, I alm toprovide a novel form of mixer or carbureter by means of which the fluidemployed as a propelling agent will be mixed or commingled with air soas to produce a highly combustible gaseous mixture.

A further object of my invention is to provide an explosive enginewherein by means of a governor mechanism controlling the exhaust valveand the igniter, the speed of the engine will be kept constant, stallingof the engine under heavy loads eliminated, and racing avoided.

It is my intention to improve and s mplify the general construction ofexplosive en gincs and to provide an engine in which access may bereadily had to the venous parts for cleaning, repairing and otherpurposes.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in theconstruction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter set forthin and falling within the scope of the claims.

In the accompanying drawings; Flgure 1 is a view in side elevation of anengine constructed in accordance with my resent invention. Fig. 2 is aview in en elevation of the engine. Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view onthe line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross sectional View through the flywheel carrying the governor mechanism, parts of the latter being shownin elevation. Fig. 5 is a view of a detail of the governor 1nechanlsm.

In the present instance, I have shown the several features of myinvention as applied to an internal combustion engine of the horizontalstationary type. Certain of the features however are applicable toexplosive engines of various characters and it will be understood thatthe invention is therefore not limited to the particular type of engineas delineated in the drawings, as I contemplate such modifications andchanges which may be made in order to adapt the 1nvention to the bestadvantage according to the circumstances and requirements in anyparticular case.

teferring now to the accompanying drawings in detail, the numeral 1indicates the base of an engine formed, in the present instance, of ametallic block 2 of substantially rectangular contour having rearwardlyextending arms 3, 3 formed integral with one edge thereof and connectedto each otheradjacent to their free ends through the medium of a crosspiece 4, while uprising from the metallic block 2 adjacent to thecorners thereof are standards or posts 5 having bolt holes 6 formedtherein, standards 7, 7

upstanding from the respective arms 3, 3 adjacent to the free endsthereof and carrying bearings or boxings 8.

The numeral 9 indicates the cylinder of an engine which,in the presentinstance, is of the air cooled type and is equipped with outwardlyextendin lugs 10 resting upon the upper ends of the standards or posts 5and formed with openings alining with the bolt holes 6 in the posts toreceive bolts 11 whereby the cylinder is securely fastened to the baseand capable of removal there from when such is desired. J ournaled inthe boxings or bearings 8 on the standards 7 is a crank shaft 12equipped in the present instance with a fly wheel 13 at each end thereofon the outer sides of the standards and having connected to the crankportion there of the pitman14; of a piston 15 mounted for reciprocatoryor rectilinear movement within the cylinder 9. v V Appropriatelyconnected to or formed integral with the cylinder 9 adjacent to the headend thereof and in open communication with the explosion chamber of suchcylinder is a casing 16 formed with an intake port or passage 17disposed in the present instance in a horizontal plane, said casinghaving formed therein between the intake and explosion chamber a valveseat 18 adapted to seat a vertically movable inlet valve 19 having avertical stem 20 extending outwardly of the upper wall of the casing andencircled by an expansion spring 21, the latter having one endcontacting with the wall of the casing and the opposite end bearingagainst a pin passed through the free extremity of the valve stem andexerting its tension to hold the inlet valve 19 of the cylinder normallyclosed. In the embodiment of invention herein shown the inlet valve 19opens on the intake or suctionstroke of the piston, as will be readilyunderstood, while the casing 16 at a point below the inlet valve thereinis equipped with a deflector plate 22 arranged in a plane parallel withthat of the valve 19 and designed to break up the incoming gas so that ahighly combustible mixture will fill the cylinder. In this instance, theignition device is in the form of a make andbreak sparker 23 of anyappropriate or preferred construction and has the sparking terminalsthereof disposed below the de flector plate 22 and in, the path of theincoming gases so that when the spark takes place, the gas in thecylinder as well as that in the casing 16 will be exploded. The cylinderhead is indicated at at and is preferably detachably connected with therespective end of the cylinder and has formed thereon an outwardlyextending yoke 25 having pivoted between the free ends of the limbsthereof, a valve lever 26. Formed in the head at is an exhaust port 27controlled by an inwardly opening exhaust valve 28 having a stem 29extending through the head and terminating in the path of movement ofone end of the valve lever 26, a coiled expansion spring 30 encirclingthe exhaust valve stem 29 and having the opposite ends thereof engaging,respectively, a pin passed through the free end of the valve stem andthe adjacent portion of the wall of the head, the spring acting to holdthe exhaust valve normally closed.

Journaled in suitable alining bearings formed onor carried by thecylinder 9 and the standard 7 is the exhaust valve push rod 81 formed inthe presence instance of two axially alining sections 32,, 33. Embracingthe section 32 of the exhaust valve push rod and preferably adjustablymounted thereon is a collar 34% equipped with an upwardly extending triparm 35 adapted to contact a trip lever 36 connected to the movableelectrode or i 'niter hammer of the make and break sparking device, thefree end of the section 32 of the push rod being designed to contact thefree extremity of the exhaust valve lever 26 so as to move the exhaustvalve to open position against the action of the spring 30 and therebypermit the burnt or spent gases to escape or be driven from thecylinder. The trip lever 36 of the ignition device is preferably in theform of a bell crank lever and has connected to the free arm thereof oneend of a contractile spring 37, the free end of the latter beingfastened to an appropriate part of the easing 16. In the presentinstance, a gear pinion 38 is keyed upon the crank shaft 12 adjacent tothe inner face of one of the fly wheels 13 and meshes with a gear 39journaled upon a stub shaft to carried by the standard 7, a cam 41 beingfixed to one face bf the gear 39 and rotatable therewith and designed tocontact a roller 42 on the free end of the section 33 of the exhaustvalve push rod. From this construction, it will be seen that when thepiston 15 is reciproeating within the cylinder 9 the crank shaft 12 willbe rotated and a rectilinear or sliding movement transmitted to theexhaust valve push rod 31. Thus, the burnt or spent gases of combustionwill, at the proper time, be permitted to escape from the cylinder byway of the exhaust port 27 in the head 24, the exhaust valve 28 beingopened by the valve lever 26, the latter being actuated by the push rod.Simultaneous with the move ment of the lever 26 to open the exhaustvalve, the trip arm on the collar 34 engages the trip lever 36 of thehammer or movable electrode of the make and break igniting device so asto render the sparking device inoperative. Succeeding the exhaust strokeof the piston, the latter moves inwardly and draws a charge of fresh gasinto the cylinder by way of the inlet valve, the following stroke of thepiston compressing the charge While the igniter operates to explode suchcharge at the proper time, the engine carrying on its phases or cyclesof operation in the usual or well known man ner.

In the present instance, I employ a centrifugal governor mechanism forcontrolling the exhaust valve push rod 31 so that the exhaust valve willbe held open and the sparker against operation when the speed of theengine exceeds the normal. This governor mechanism, in the presentinstance, comprises bell crank levers 4:3, 43 each pivoted at its bightto the fly wheel 13 of the engine adjacent to the gear pinion 88 andhaving the horizontal arms thereof weighted as at 14, while the verticalarms are connected to or adapted to contact with .end 52 of the anglelever is cut to conform to the frusto-conical disk 46 and normally restsagainst such disk, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 7, thelever 49 havinga downwardly extending arm 53 connected to one extremity of acontractile spring 54 the free end of the latter being connected to anappropriate part of the base 1. This spring acts normally to hold theend 50 of the angle lever out of the path of movement of the lug 51 andthe end 52 of such lever in frictional engagement with the disk 46. Inthe normal condition of the bell crank levers 43, 43 of the governormechanism, the

weighted arms 44 are held at their limits of inward movement bycontractile springs 55 thereby holding the disk 46 out of the recess 47in the disk 48 and the end 50 of the lever 49 out of the pathOfIDOVGmBIIt of the lug 41 on the exhaust valve push rod.

When, however, the speed of the engine increases above the normal orin'such manner to cause racing, the weights 44 on the bell crank leversfly outwardly under the action of centrifugal force and so slide thepins 45 within the bores in the hub of the fly wheel,-

consequently throwing the frusto-conical disk 46 into the recess 47 inthe disk 48 whereby the end 52 of the angle lever 49 is elevated againstthe action of the spring 54, and the end 50 of the lever depressed ordisposed in the path of the lug 5l on r the exhaust valve push rod. Inthis position of the parts the section 32 of the ex haust valve push rodis prevented from returning to valve closing position thereby holdingthe exhaust valve open and preventing the sparking device from operatingso that no charge will be taken into the engine and no spark made tocreate an explosion.

The supply tank for the engine is indicated at 55 and is convenientlylocated with respect to the engine and has leading therefrom a supplypipe 56 connecting with the inlet 17 of the casing 16, a suitable checkvalve 57 being located in the supply pipe as usual. In order that theoil from the supply tank 55 may be readily carbureted or mixed with airso as to form an efficient explosive gas, I interpose between the sup ofa cylindrical tube 58 forming a mixing 7 chamber 59 and provided withrestricted axially alining inlet and discharge or outlet openings 60, 61respectively. Leading into the inlet opening 60 of the mixing chamberand disposed approximately centrally thereof is a nozzle 62 connected tothe tank side of the supply pipe, while threaded onto the wall of theintake 60 is a collar 63 having an outwardly extending annular flange 64preferably slotted at diametrically opposite points to receive inturnedlugs 65 formed on one end of a regulating valve 66 havingopeningsadapted to register with air openings formed in the lower wall of theinlet 60 of the mixer. To the outlet 61 is connected the engine side ofthe supply pipe as clearly illustrated invthe drawings.

that the liquid fuel within the reservoir or supply tank will be drawninto the chamber 59 through the nozzle 62 in the form of a lnto thechamber by way of the valve 66 and permitted to mix or commingle freelywith the spray of liquid thereby forming a highly combustible gaseousmixture, which, when drawn into the cylinder and ignited, gives up itsfull quota of work. By means of the valve 66 the quantity of air passinginto the mixing chamber 59 may be regulated as will be apparent,

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, the construction andmode of operation of my invention will bereadily apparent. It will be seen that I have provided an explosiveengine wherein a highly combustible charge of gas is delivered to theengine cylinder, so that the maximum power may be derived from theengine, While the operation of the engine is automatically con- Fromthis construction, it will be seen trolled or governed so as to avoidracing or stalling, the latter happening when a load is suddenly appliedto the engine crank shaft.

lVhile I have herein shown and described one preferred form of myinvention by way of illustration, I desire to have it understood thatIdo not limit or confine myself to the precise details of constructionherein described and delineated, as modification and variation may bemade within the scope of the claims and without departing from thespirit of the invention.

7 I claim:

1. In a hydrocarbon engine, the combination with a cylinder and a pistontherein adapted to be reciprocated, inlet and exhaust valves for thecylinder, a make and break spark device therein, and a governormechanism controlling said exhaust valve and sparking device andadapted, when the engine exceeds the normal speed, to hold the exhaustvalve open and the sparking device inoperative, said governor mechanismcomprising weighted bell crank levers adapted to operate under theaction of centrifugal force, a: frusto-conical disk adapted to be movedunder the action of said levers, a second disk having a recess formedtherein to receive the first disk, a pivot lever having one end bearingupon said first disk and the opposite end adapted to be renderedoperative to hold the exhaust valve open and the sparker againstoperation, and means for returning said lever to normal position.

2. In a hydrocarbon engine, the combination with a cylinder and pistontherein adapted to be reciprocated, inlet and exhaust valves for thecylinder and a make and break spark device therein, of a push rod foropening said exhaust valve and comprising axially alining sections,means for operatingsaid push rod, a lug on one section of said push rod,a governor mechanism controlling said exhaust valve and spark device andadapted, when the engine exceeds the normal speed, to hold the exhaustvalve open and the spark device inactive, said mechanism comprisingweighted bell crank levers adapted to operate under the action ofcentrifugal force, a frusto-conical disk adapted to be moved under theaction of said levers, a second disk having a recess formed therein toreceive said first disk, a lever pivoted between its ends and having oneend bearing upon the periphery of said first disk and the opposite enddisposed adjacent to the path of movement of the lug on the respectivesection of said push rod and adapted to be thrown into such path in themovement of said first-named disk under the action of said bell cranklevers whereby the respective section of said push rod will be heldagainst movement under the action of said means, and means for returningsaid lever to normal position when the speed of the engine is reduced.

3. In a hydrocarbon engine, the combination with a cylinder and pistontherein adapted to be reciprocated, inlet and exhaust valves for thecylinder and a make and break spark device therein, of a push rod foropeningsaid exhaust valve and comprising axially alining sections, meansfor operating said push rod, a lug on one section of said push rod, agovernor mechanism controlling said exhaust valve and spark device andadapted, when the engine exceeds the normal speed, to hold the exhaustvalve open and the spark device inactive, said mechanism comprisingweighted bell crank levers adapted to operate under the action ofcentrifugal force, a frusto-conical disk adapted to be moved under .theaction of said levers, a second disk having a recess formed therein toreceive said first disk, a lever pivoted between its ends and having oneend bearing upon the periphery of said first disk and the opposite enddisposed adj acent to the path of movement of the lug on the respectivesection of said push rod and adapted to be thrown into such path in themovement of said first-named disk under the action of said bell cranklevers whereby the respective section of said push rod will be heldagainst movement under the action of said means, an arm connected tosaid lever and projecting downwardly therefrom, and a spring connectedtosaid arm and acting to restore the lever to normal position succeedingthe cutting down of the'speed of the engine.

4. In a hydrocarbon engine, the combination with a cylinder and pistontherein adapted to be reciprocated, inlet and exhaust valves for saidcylinder and a make and break spark device therein, of a governormechanism controlling said exhaust valve and spark device and adapted,when the engine exceeds the normal speed, to hold the exhaust valve openand the spark device inactive, said governor mechanism comprising afrusto-conical disk, a second diskhaving a recess therein to receive thefirst disk, a leverpivoted between its ends and having one end bearingupon the periphery of said first-named disk and the opposite enddesignedto hold the ex- 9 haust valve open and the spark device againstoperation, and means governed by the speed of the engine for slidingsaid first disk into said second-named disk whereby said lever will beactuated.

5. In a hydrocarbon engine, the combination with a cylinder and pistontherein adapted to be reciprocated, inlet and exhaust valves for saidcylinder and a make and break spark device therein, of a governormechanism controlling said exhaust valve and spark device and adapted,when the engine exceeds the normal speed, to hold the exhaust valve openand the spark device inactive, said. governor mechanism comprising afrusto-conical disk, a second disk having a recess therein to re ceivethe first disk, a lever pivoted between its ends and having one endbearing upon the periphery of said first-named disk and the opposite enddesigned to hold the exhaust valve open and the spark device againstoperation, and means governed by the speed of the engine and operableunder the action of centrifugal force to slide said first-named diskinto said second-named disk whereby said lever willbe actuated.

6. In a hydrocarbon engine, the combination with a cylinder and pistontherein adapted to be reciprocated, inlet and exhaust valves for saidcylinder and a make and break spark device therein, of a governormechanism,controlling said exhaust valve and spark device and adapted,whenthe engine exceeds the normalspeed,

to hold the exhaust valve open and the spark device inactive, saidgovernor mechanism comprising a frusto-conical disk, a second diskhaving a recess therein to re ceive the first disk, a lever pivotedbetween its ends and having one end bearing upon the periphery of saidfirst-named disk and the opposite end designed to hold the exhaust valveopen and the spark device against operation, means governed by the speedof the engine and operable under the action of centrifugal force toslide said first-named disk into said second-named disk whereby said.lever will be actuated, and means for restoring said lever to normalposition succeeding the cutting down of the speed of the engine.

7 In a hydrocarbon engine, the combination with a cylinder and pistontherein adapted to be reciprocated, inlet and exhaust valves for saidcylinder and a make and break spark device therein, of a governormechanism controlling said exhaust valve and spark device and adapted,when the engine exceeds the normal speed, to hold the exhaust valve openand the spark device inactive, said governor mechanism comprising afrusto-conical disk, a second disk having a recess therein to receivethe first disk, a lever pivoted between its ends and having one endbearing upon the periphery of said first-named disk and the opposite enddesigned to hold the exhaust valve open and the spark device againstoperation, means governed by the speed of the engine and operable underthe action of centrifugal force to slide said first-named disk into saidsecond-named disk whereby said lever will be actuated, and a springconnected to said lever for restoring the same to normal positionsucceeding the cutting down of the speed of the engine.

8. In a hydrocarbon engine, the combination with a cylinder and pistontherein adapted to be reciprocated, inlet and ex haust valwes for thecylinder and a make and break spark device therein, of a push rod foropening said exhaust valve and comprising axially alining sections, acam for operating said push rod, a lug on one section of said push rod,a governor mechanism controlling said exhaust valve and spark device andadapted, when the engine exceeds the normal speed, to hold the exhaustvalve open and the spark device inactive, said mechanism comprisingweighted bell crank levers adapted to operate under the action ofcentrifugal force, a frusto-conieal disk adapted to be moved under theaction of said levers, a second disk having a recess formed therein toreceive said first disk, a lever pivoted between its ends andhaving oneend bearing upon the periphery of said first disk and the opposite end.disposed adjacent to the path of movement of the lug on the respectivesection of said push rod and adapted to be thrown into such path in themovement of said first-named disk under the action of said bell cranklevers whereby the respective section of said push rod will be heldagainst movement under the action of said cam, and means for returningsaid lever to normal position when the speed of the engine is reduced.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

AARON P. TIESSEN. l/Vitnesses:

PETER A. TIERZEN, D. G. I'IIELERT.

Copies ofthis patent may be obtained for Me cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner 0! Patents, Washington, O.

